ܐܫܘܪ ܝܘܣܦ ܐܦܢܕܝ ܐܝܬܠܕ ܒܫܢܬܐ ܕ1858 ܒܚܪܦܘܬ ܒܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܐܛܐܡܢܝܬܐ ܘܩܛܝܠ ܒܩܛܠܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܒܫܢܬܐ ܕ1915. ܐܫܘܪ ܝܘܣܦ ܐܘܡܬܢܝܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܗܘܐ ܘܚܕ ܡܢ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܪܒܐ ܕܙܒܢܐ ܕܝܠܢ. ܗܕܡܐ ܗܘܐ ܒܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܟܣܝܬܐ ܒܦܢܝܬܐ ܕܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܒܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ. ܒܫܢܬܐ ܕ1909 ܡܫܪܗ ܠܗ ܗܘܐ ܕܦܪܣ ܗܝ ܡܓܼܠܬܐ ܕܡܘܪܫܝܕ ܐܬܘܪܝܢ.

ܣܗܕܐ ܕܐܘܡܬܐ ܐܫܘܪ ܝܘܣܦ ܕܚܪܦܘܬ